Ceramic and porcelain tiles are created from natural clay materials that are shaped, glazed, and fired at high temperatures. The firing process determines the tile's hardness and water absorption rate. Porcelain tile is fired at higher temperatures than standard ceramic, resulting in a denser, harder, and more water-resistant product.
Natural stone tiles, including marble, granite, travertine, slate, and limestone, are quarried from the earth and cut into uniform shapes. Each stone tile is unique, with natural variations in color, veining, and texture that add character to any installation.
The manufacturing process for ceramic tile involves mixing clay with water and other minerals, pressing the mixture into shape using hydraulic presses, applying glazes or finishes, and firing in kilns at temperatures ranging from 1,800 to 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit.
Porcelain tile undergoes a similar process but uses finer clays and is fired at higher temperatures (over 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit). This results in a harder, less porous tile that meets strict water absorption standards of 0.5 percent or less.